Pass context through operators

Allows more sophisticated functionality

examples/data1.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-a: simple # just the best
+a:
-b: [1, 2]
+  key1: "value1"
-c:
+  key2: 2.6
-  test: 1
+  ab:
+    key1: 6
+    key2: "h"

pkg/yqlib/all_at_once_evaluator.go

@@ -39,7 +39,11 @@ func (e *allAtOnceEvaluator) EvaluateCandidateNodes(expression string, inputCand
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return e.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(inputCandidates, node)
+	context, err := e.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: inputCandidates}, node)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return context.MatchingNodes, nil
 }
 
 func (e *allAtOnceEvaluator) EvaluateFiles(expression string, filenames []string, printer Printer) error {

pkg/yqlib/context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package yqlib
+
+import "container/list"
+
+type Context struct {
+	MatchingNodes *list.List
+	Variables     map[string]*list.List
+}
+
+func (n *Context) SingleChildContext(candidate *CandidateNode) Context {
+	elMap := list.New()
+	elMap.PushBack(candidate)
+	return Context{MatchingNodes: elMap, Variables: n.Variables}
+}
+
+func (n *Context) ChildContext(results *list.List) Context {
+	return Context{MatchingNodes: results, Variables: n.Variables}
+}

pkg/yqlib/data_tree_navigator.go

@@ -3,16 +3,14 @@ package yqlib
 import (
 	"fmt"
 
-	"container/list"
-
 	logging "gopkg.in/op/go-logging.v1"
 )
 
 type DataTreeNavigator interface {
-	// given a list of CandidateEntities and a expressionNode,
+	// given the context and a expressionNode,
-	// this will process the list against the given expressionNode and return
+	// this will process the against the given expressionNode and return
-	// a new list of matching candidates
+	// a new context of matching candidates
-	GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error)
+	GetMatchingNodes(context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error)
 }
 
 type dataTreeNavigator struct {
@@ -22,22 +20,22 @@ func NewDataTreeNavigator() DataTreeNavigator {
 	return &dataTreeNavigator{}
 }
 
-func (d *dataTreeNavigator) GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func (d *dataTreeNavigator) GetMatchingNodes(context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	if expressionNode == nil {
 		log.Debugf("getMatchingNodes - nothing to do")
-		return matchingNodes, nil
+		return context, nil
 	}
 	log.Debugf("Processing Op: %v", expressionNode.Operation.toString())
 	if log.IsEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG) {
-		for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+		for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 			log.Debug(NodeToString(el.Value.(*CandidateNode)))
 		}
 	}
 	log.Debug(">>")
 	handler := expressionNode.Operation.OperationType.Handler
 	if handler != nil {
-		return handler(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode)
+		return handler(d, context, expressionNode)
 	}
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown operator %v", expressionNode.Operation.OperationType)
+	return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Unknown operator %v", expressionNode.Operation.OperationType)
 
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_add.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package yqlib
 import (
 	"fmt"
 
-	"container/list"
 	"strconv"
 
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
@@ -15,12 +14,12 @@ func createAddOp(lhs *ExpressionNode, rhs *ExpressionNode) *ExpressionNode {
 		Rhs: rhs}
 }
 
-func addAssignOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func addAssignOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	assignmentOp := &Operation{OperationType: assignOpType}
 	assignmentOp.UpdateAssign = false
 
 	assignmentOpNode := &ExpressionNode{Operation: assignmentOp, Lhs: expressionNode.Lhs, Rhs: createAddOp(expressionNode.Lhs, expressionNode.Rhs)}
-	return d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, assignmentOpNode)
+	return d.GetMatchingNodes(context, assignmentOpNode)
 }
 
 func toNodes(candidate *CandidateNode) []*yaml.Node {
@@ -37,13 +36,13 @@ func toNodes(candidate *CandidateNode) []*yaml.Node {
 
 }
 
-func addOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func addOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("Add operator")
 
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, add)
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, add)
 }
 
-func add(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func add(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 	lhs.Node = unwrapDoc(lhs.Node)
 	rhs.Node = unwrapDoc(rhs.Node)
 

pkg/yqlib/operator_alternative.go

@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import (
-	"container/list"
-)
-
 // corssFunction no matches
 // can boolean use crossfunction
 
-func alternativeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func alternativeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- alternative")
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, alternativeFunc)
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, alternativeFunc)
 }
 
-func alternativeFunc(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func alternativeFunc(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 	lhs.Node = unwrapDoc(lhs.Node)
 	rhs.Node = unwrapDoc(rhs.Node)
 	log.Debugf("Alternative LHS: %v", lhs.Node.Tag)

pkg/yqlib/operator_anchors_aliases.go

@@ -6,146 +6,146 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func assignAliasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignAliasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("AssignAlias operator!")
 
 	aliasName := ""
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
-		if rhs.Front() != nil {
+		if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-			aliasName = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+			aliasName = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 		}
 	}
 
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debugf("Setting aliasName : %v", candidate.GetKey())
 
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
-			if rhs.Front() != nil {
+			if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-				aliasName = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+				aliasName = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 			}
 		}
 
 		candidate.Node.Kind = yaml.AliasNode
 		candidate.Node.Value = aliasName
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func getAliasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getAliasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetAlias operator!")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: candidate.Node.Value, Tag: "!!str"}
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
-func assignAnchorOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignAnchorOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("AssignAnchor operator!")
 
 	anchorName := ""
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
-		if rhs.Front() != nil {
+		if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-			anchorName = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+			anchorName = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 		}
 	}
 
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debugf("Setting anchorName of : %v", candidate.GetKey())
 
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 
-			if rhs.Front() != nil {
+			if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-				anchorName = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+				anchorName = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 			}
 		}
 
 		candidate.Node.Anchor = anchorName
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func getAnchorOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getAnchorOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetAnchor operator!")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		anchor := candidate.Node.Anchor
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: anchor, Tag: "!!str"}
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
-func explodeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func explodeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- ExplodeOperation")
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
-		for childEl := rhs.Front(); childEl != nil; childEl = childEl.Next() {
+		for childEl := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); childEl != nil; childEl = childEl.Next() {
-			err = explodeNode(childEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).Node)
+			err = explodeNode(childEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).Node, context)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 		}
 
 	}
 
-	return matchMap, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func explodeNode(node *yaml.Node) error {
+func explodeNode(node *yaml.Node, context Context) error {
 	node.Anchor = ""
 	switch node.Kind {
 	case yaml.SequenceNode, yaml.DocumentNode:
 		for index, contentNode := range node.Content {
 			log.Debugf("exploding index %v", index)
-			errorInContent := explodeNode(contentNode)
+			errorInContent := explodeNode(contentNode, context)
 			if errorInContent != nil {
 				return errorInContent
 			}
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func explodeNode(node *yaml.Node) error {
 			valueNode := node.Content[index+1]
 			log.Debugf("traversing %v", keyNode.Value)
 			if keyNode.Value != "<<" {
-				err := overrideEntry(node, keyNode, valueNode, index, newContent)
+				err := overrideEntry(node, keyNode, valueNode, index, context.ChildContext(newContent))
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
@@ -178,14 +178,14 @@ func explodeNode(node *yaml.Node) error {
 					log.Debugf("an alias merge list!")
 					for index := 0; index < len(valueNode.Content); index = index + 1 {
 						aliasNode := valueNode.Content[index]
-						err := applyAlias(node, aliasNode.Alias, index, newContent)
+						err := applyAlias(node, aliasNode.Alias, index, context.ChildContext(newContent))
 						if err != nil {
 							return err
 						}
 					}
 				} else {
 					log.Debugf("an alias merge!")
-					err := applyAlias(node, valueNode.Alias, index, newContent)
+					err := applyAlias(node, valueNode.Alias, index, context.ChildContext(newContent))
 					if err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func explodeNode(node *yaml.Node) error {
 	}
 }
 
-func applyAlias(node *yaml.Node, alias *yaml.Node, aliasIndex int, newContent *list.List) error {
+func applyAlias(node *yaml.Node, alias *yaml.Node, aliasIndex int, newContent Context) error {
 	if alias == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -221,15 +221,15 @@ func applyAlias(node *yaml.Node, alias *yaml.Node, aliasIndex int, newContent *l
 	return nil
 }
 
-func overrideEntry(node *yaml.Node, key *yaml.Node, value *yaml.Node, startIndex int, newContent *list.List) error {
+func overrideEntry(node *yaml.Node, key *yaml.Node, value *yaml.Node, startIndex int, newContent Context) error {
 
-	err := explodeNode(value)
+	err := explodeNode(value, newContent)
 
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	for newEl := newContent.Front(); newEl != nil; newEl = newEl.Next() {
+	for newEl := newContent.MatchingNodes.Front(); newEl != nil; newEl = newEl.Next() {
 		valueEl := newEl.Next() // move forward twice
 		keyNode := newEl.Value.(*yaml.Node)
 		log.Debugf("checking new content %v:%v", keyNode.Value, valueEl.Value.(*yaml.Node).Value)
@@ -250,12 +250,12 @@ func overrideEntry(node *yaml.Node, key *yaml.Node, value *yaml.Node, startIndex
 		}
 	}
 
-	err = explodeNode(key)
+	err = explodeNode(key, newContent)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	log.Debugf("adding %v:%v", key.Value, value.Value)
-	newContent.PushBack(key)
+	newContent.MatchingNodes.PushBack(key)
-	newContent.PushBack(value)
+	newContent.MatchingNodes.PushBack(value)
 	return nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_assign.go

@@ -1,30 +1,28 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import "container/list"
+func assignUpdateOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
-func assignUpdateOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	var rhs *list.List
+	var rhs Context
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err = d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err = d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err = d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err = d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 		}
 
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
 		// grab the first value
-		first := rhs.Front()
+		first := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front()
 
 		if first != nil {
 			rhsCandidate := first.Value.(*CandidateNode)
@@ -33,30 +31,30 @@ func assignUpdateOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expres
 		}
 	}
 
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
 // does not update content or values
-func assignAttributesOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignAttributesOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
 		// grab the first value
-		first := rhs.Front()
+		first := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front()
 
 		if first != nil {
 			candidate.UpdateAttributesFrom(first.Value.(*CandidateNode))
 		}
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_booleans.go

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ func isTruthy(c *CandidateNode) (bool, error) {
 
 type boolOp func(bool, bool) bool
 
-func performBoolOp(op boolOp) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func performBoolOp(op boolOp) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
-	return func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+	return func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 		lhs.Node = unwrapDoc(lhs.Node)
 		rhs.Node = unwrapDoc(rhs.Node)
 
@@ -44,35 +44,35 @@ func performBoolOp(op boolOp) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs
 	}
 }
 
-func orOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func orOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- orOp")
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, performBoolOp(
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, performBoolOp(
 		func(b1 bool, b2 bool) bool {
 			return b1 || b2
 		}))
 }
 
-func andOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func andOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- AndOp")
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, performBoolOp(
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, performBoolOp(
 		func(b1 bool, b2 bool) bool {
 			return b1 && b2
 		}))
 }
 
-func notOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func notOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- notOperation")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debug("notOperation checking %v", candidate)
 		truthy, errDecoding := isTruthy(candidate)
 		if errDecoding != nil {
-			return nil, errDecoding
+			return Context{}, errDecoding
 		}
 		result := createBooleanCandidate(candidate, !truthy)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_collect.go

@@ -6,21 +6,21 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func collectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func collectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- collectOperation")
 
-	if matchMap.Len() == 0 {
+	if context.MatchingNodes.Len() == 0 {
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.SequenceNode, Tag: "!!seq", Value: "[]"}
 		candidate := &CandidateNode{Node: node}
-		return nodeToMap(candidate), nil
+		return context.SingleChildContext(candidate), nil
 	}
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
 	node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.SequenceNode, Tag: "!!seq"}
 	var collectC *CandidateNode
-	if matchMap.Front() != nil {
+	if context.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-		collectC = matchMap.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).CreateChild(nil, node)
+		collectC = context.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).CreateChild(nil, node)
 		if len(collectC.Path) > 0 {
 			collectC.Path = collectC.Path[:len(collectC.Path)-1]
 		}
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func collectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *
 		collectC = &CandidateNode{Node: node}
 	}
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debugf("Collecting %v", NodeToString(candidate))
 		node.Content = append(node.Content, unwrapDoc(candidate.Node))
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ func collectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *
 
 	results.PushBack(collectC)
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_collect_object.go

@@ -17,22 +17,22 @@ import (
 ...
 */
 
-func collectObjectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func collectObjectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- collectObjectOperation")
 
-	if matchMap.Len() == 0 {
+	if context.MatchingNodes.Len() == 0 {
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map", Value: "{}"}
 		candidate := &CandidateNode{Node: node}
-		return nodeToMap(candidate), nil
+		return context.SingleChildContext(candidate), nil
 	}
-	first := matchMap.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode)
+	first := context.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode)
 	var rotated []*list.List = make([]*list.List, len(first.Node.Content))
 
 	for i := 0; i < len(first.Node.Content); i++ {
 		rotated[i] = list.New()
 	}
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidateNode := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		for i := 0; i < len(first.Node.Content); i++ {
 			rotated[i].PushBack(candidateNode.CreateChild(i, candidateNode.Node.Content[i]))
@@ -41,59 +41,59 @@ func collectObjectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expression
 
 	newObject := list.New()
 	for i := 0; i < len(first.Node.Content); i++ {
-		additions, err := collect(d, list.New(), rotated[i])
+		additions, err := collect(d, context.ChildContext(list.New()), rotated[i])
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
-		newObject.PushBackList(additions)
+		newObject.PushBackList(additions.MatchingNodes)
 	}
 
-	return newObject, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(newObject), nil
 
 }
 
-func collect(d *dataTreeNavigator, aggregate *list.List, remainingMatches *list.List) (*list.List, error) {
+func collect(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, remainingMatches *list.List) (Context, error) {
 	if remainingMatches.Len() == 0 {
-		return aggregate, nil
+		return context, nil
 	}
 
 	candidate := remainingMatches.Remove(remainingMatches.Front()).(*CandidateNode)
 
-	splatted, err := splat(d, nodeToMap(candidate),
+	splatted, err := splat(d, context.SingleChildContext(candidate),
 		traversePreferences{DontFollowAlias: true, IncludeMapKeys: false})
 
-	for splatEl := splatted.Front(); splatEl != nil; splatEl = splatEl.Next() {
+	for splatEl := splatted.MatchingNodes.Front(); splatEl != nil; splatEl = splatEl.Next() {
 		splatEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).Path = nil
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	if aggregate.Len() == 0 {
+	if context.MatchingNodes.Len() == 0 {
 		return collect(d, splatted, remainingMatches)
 	}
 
 	newAgg := list.New()
 
-	for el := aggregate.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		aggCandidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-		for splatEl := splatted.Front(); splatEl != nil; splatEl = splatEl.Next() {
+		for splatEl := splatted.MatchingNodes.Front(); splatEl != nil; splatEl = splatEl.Next() {
 			splatCandidate := splatEl.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 			newCandidate, err := aggCandidate.Copy()
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 
 			newCandidate.Path = nil
 
-			newCandidate, err = multiply(multiplyPreferences{AppendArrays: false})(d, newCandidate, splatCandidate)
+			newCandidate, err = multiply(multiplyPreferences{AppendArrays: false})(d, context, newCandidate, splatCandidate)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 			newAgg.PushBack(newCandidate)
 		}
 	}
-	return collect(d, newAgg, remainingMatches)
+	return collect(d, context.ChildContext(newAgg), remainingMatches)
 
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_comments.go

@@ -13,41 +13,41 @@ type commentOpPreferences struct {
 	FootComment bool
 }
 
-func assignCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("AssignComments operator!")
 
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
 	preferences := expressionNode.Operation.Preferences.(commentOpPreferences)
 
 	comment := ""
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
-		if rhs.Front() != nil {
+		if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-			comment = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+			comment = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 		}
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 
-			if rhs.Front() != nil {
+			if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-				comment = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+				comment = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -63,15 +63,15 @@ func assignCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expr
 		}
 
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func getCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	preferences := expressionNode.Operation.Preferences.(commentOpPreferences)
 	log.Debugf("GetComments operator!")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		comment := ""
 		if preferences.LineComment {
@@ -87,5 +87,5 @@ func getCommentsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, express
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_create_map.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func createMapOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func createMapOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- createMapOperation")
 
 	//each matchingNodes entry should turn into a sequence of keys to create.
@@ -18,29 +18,29 @@ func createMapOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressio
 
 	sequences := list.New()
 
-	if matchingNodes.Len() > 0 {
+	if context.MatchingNodes.Len() > 0 {
 
-		for matchingNodeEl := matchingNodes.Front(); matchingNodeEl != nil; matchingNodeEl = matchingNodeEl.Next() {
+		for matchingNodeEl := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); matchingNodeEl != nil; matchingNodeEl = matchingNodeEl.Next() {
 			matchingNode := matchingNodeEl.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-			sequenceNode, err := sequenceFor(d, matchingNode, expressionNode)
+			sequenceNode, err := sequenceFor(d, context, matchingNode, expressionNode)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 			sequences.PushBack(sequenceNode)
 		}
 	} else {
-		sequenceNode, err := sequenceFor(d, nil, expressionNode)
+		sequenceNode, err := sequenceFor(d, context, nil, expressionNode)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 		sequences.PushBack(sequenceNode)
 	}
 
-	return nodeToMap(&CandidateNode{Node: listToNodeSeq(sequences), Document: document, Path: path}), nil
+	return context.SingleChildContext(&CandidateNode{Node: listToNodeSeq(sequences), Document: document, Path: path}), nil
 
 }
 
-func sequenceFor(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNode *CandidateNode, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func sequenceFor(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, matchingNode *CandidateNode, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 	var path []interface{}
 	var document uint = 0
 	var matches = list.New()
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ func sequenceFor(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNode *CandidateNode, expressionNo
 	if matchingNode != nil {
 		path = matchingNode.Path
 		document = matchingNode.Document
-		matches = nodeToMap(matchingNode)
+		matches.PushBack(matchingNode)
 	}
 
-	mapPairs, err := crossFunction(d, matches, expressionNode,
+	mapPairs, err := crossFunction(d, context.ChildContext(matches), expressionNode,
-		func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+		func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 			node := yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map"}
 			log.Debugf("LHS:", NodeToString(lhs))
 			log.Debugf("RHS:", NodeToString(rhs))
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func sequenceFor(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNode *CandidateNode, expressionNo
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	innerList := listToNodeSeq(mapPairs)
+	innerList := listToNodeSeq(mapPairs.MatchingNodes)
 	innerList.Style = yaml.FlowStyle
 	return &CandidateNode{Node: innerList, Document: document, Path: path}, nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_delete.go

@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
 package yqlib
 
 import (
-	"container/list"
 	"fmt"
 
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func deleteChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func deleteChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
-	nodesToDelete, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	nodesToDelete, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := nodesToDelete.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := nodesToDelete.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
 		deleteImmediateChildOp := &Operation{
@@ -28,26 +27,26 @@ func deleteChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, express
 			Rhs:       createTraversalTree(candidate.Path[0:len(candidate.Path)-1], traversePreferences{}),
 		}
 
-		_, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, deleteImmediateChildOpNode)
+		_, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, deleteImmediateChildOpNode)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func deleteImmediateChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func deleteImmediateChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-	parents, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	parents, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
 	childPath := expressionNode.Operation.Value
 
 	log.Debug("childPath to remove %v", childPath)
 
-	for el := parents.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := parents.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		parent := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		parentNode := unwrapDoc(parent.Node)
 		if parentNode.Kind == yaml.MappingNode {
@@ -55,11 +54,11 @@ func deleteImmediateChildOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List
 		} else if parentNode.Kind == yaml.SequenceNode {
 			deleteFromArray(parent, childPath)
 		} else {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot delete nodes from parent of tag %v", parentNode.Tag)
+			return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Cannot delete nodes from parent of tag %v", parentNode.Tag)
 		}
 
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
 func deleteFromMap(candidate *CandidateNode, childPath interface{}) {

pkg/yqlib/operator_document_index.go

@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func getDocumentIndexOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getDocumentIndexOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: fmt.Sprintf("%v", candidate.Document), Tag: "!!int"}
 		scalar := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(scalar)
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_env.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package yqlib
 
 import (
-	"container/list"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
@@ -13,7 +12,7 @@ type envOpPreferences struct {
 	StringValue bool
 }
 
-func envOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func envOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	envName := expressionNode.Operation.CandidateNode.Node.Value
 	log.Debug("EnvOperator, env name:", envName)
 
@@ -29,13 +28,13 @@ func envOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *Expr
 			Value: rawValue,
 		}
 	} else if rawValue == "" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Value for env variable '%v' not provided in env()", envName)
+		return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Value for env variable '%v' not provided in env()", envName)
 	} else {
 		var dataBucket yaml.Node
 		decoder := yaml.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(rawValue))
 		errorReading := decoder.Decode(&dataBucket)
 		if errorReading != nil {
-			return nil, errorReading
+			return Context{}, errorReading
 		}
 		//first node is a doc
 		node = unwrapDoc(&dataBucket)
@@ -46,5 +45,5 @@ func envOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *Expr
 
 	target := &CandidateNode{Node: node}
 
-	return nodeToMap(target), nil
+	return context.SingleChildContext(target), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_equals.go

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import (
+func equalsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-	"container/list"
-)
-
-func equalsOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- equalsOperation")
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, isEquals)
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, isEquals)
 }
 
-func isEquals(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func isEquals(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 	value := false
 
 	lhsNode := unwrapDoc(lhs.Node)

pkg/yqlib/operator_file.go

@@ -7,32 +7,32 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func getFilenameOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getFilenameOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetFilename")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: candidate.Filename, Tag: "!!str"}
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
-func getFileIndexOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getFileIndexOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetFileIndex")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: fmt.Sprintf("%v", candidate.FileIndex), Tag: "!!int"}
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_has.go

@@ -7,20 +7,20 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func hasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func hasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("-- hasOperation")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
-	wanted := rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node
+	wanted := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node
 	wantedKey := wanted.Value
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
 		// grab the first value
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func hasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode
 			if wanted.Tag == "!!int" {
 				var number, errParsingInt = strconv.ParseInt(wantedKey, 10, 64) // nolint
 				if errParsingInt != nil {
-					return nil, errParsingInt
+					return Context{}, errParsingInt
 				}
 				candidateHasKey = int64(len(contents)) > number
 			}
@@ -50,5 +50,5 @@ func hasOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode
 			results.PushBack(createBooleanCandidate(candidate, false))
 		}
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_keys.go

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func keysOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func keysOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- keysOperator")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := unwrapDoc(candidate.Node)
 		var targetNode *yaml.Node
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ func keysOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *Exp
 		} else if node.Kind == yaml.SequenceNode {
 			targetNode = getIndicies(node)
 		} else {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot get keys of %v, keys only works for maps and arrays", node.Tag)
+			return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Cannot get keys of %v, keys only works for maps and arrays", node.Tag)
 		}
 
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, targetNode)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
 func getMapKeys(node *yaml.Node) *yaml.Node {

pkg/yqlib/operator_length.go

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func lengthOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func lengthOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- lengthOperation")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		targetNode := unwrapDoc(candidate.Node)
 		var length int
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ func lengthOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *E
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_multiply.go

@@ -9,77 +9,18 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-type crossFunctionCalculation func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error)
-
-func doCrossFunc(d *dataTreeNavigator, contextList *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode, calculation crossFunctionCalculation) (*list.List, error) {
-	var results = list.New()
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(contextList, expressionNode.Lhs)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	log.Debugf("crossFunction LHS len: %v", lhs.Len())
-
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(contextList, expressionNode.Rhs)
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
-		lhsCandidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-
-		for rightEl := rhs.Front(); rightEl != nil; rightEl = rightEl.Next() {
-			log.Debugf("Applying calc")
-			rhsCandidate := rightEl.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-			resultCandidate, err := calculation(d, lhsCandidate, rhsCandidate)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			results.PushBack(resultCandidate)
-		}
-
-	}
-	return results, nil
-}
-
-func crossFunction(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode, calculation crossFunctionCalculation) (*list.List, error) {
-	var results = list.New()
-
-	var evaluateAllTogether = true
-	for matchEl := matchingNodes.Front(); matchEl != nil; matchEl = matchEl.Next() {
-		evaluateAllTogether = evaluateAllTogether && matchEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).EvaluateTogether
-		if !evaluateAllTogether {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if evaluateAllTogether {
-		return doCrossFunc(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, calculation)
-	}
-
-	for matchEl := matchingNodes.Front(); matchEl != nil; matchEl = matchEl.Next() {
-		contextList := nodeToMap(matchEl.Value.(*CandidateNode))
-		innerResults, err := doCrossFunc(d, contextList, expressionNode, calculation)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		results.PushBackList(innerResults)
-	}
-
-	return results, nil
-}
-
 type multiplyPreferences struct {
 	AppendArrays  bool
 	TraversePrefs traversePreferences
 }
 
-func multiplyOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func multiplyOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- MultiplyOperator")
-	return crossFunction(d, matchingNodes, expressionNode, multiply(expressionNode.Operation.Preferences.(multiplyPreferences)))
+	return crossFunction(d, context, expressionNode, multiply(expressionNode.Operation.Preferences.(multiplyPreferences)))
 }
 
-func multiply(preferences multiplyPreferences) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func multiply(preferences multiplyPreferences) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
-	return func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+	return func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 		lhs.Node = unwrapDoc(lhs.Node)
 		rhs.Node = unwrapDoc(rhs.Node)
 		log.Debugf("Multipling LHS: %v", lhs.Node.Tag)
@@ -89,11 +30,11 @@ func multiply(preferences multiplyPreferences) func(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *C
 			(lhs.Node.Kind == yaml.SequenceNode && rhs.Node.Kind == yaml.SequenceNode) {
 
 			var newBlank = lhs.CreateChild(nil, &yaml.Node{})
-			var newThing, err = mergeObjects(d, newBlank, lhs, multiplyPreferences{})
+			var newThing, err = mergeObjects(d, context, newBlank, lhs, multiplyPreferences{})
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
-			return mergeObjects(d, newThing, rhs, preferences)
+			return mergeObjects(d, context, newThing, rhs, preferences)
 		} else if lhs.Node.Tag == "!!int" && rhs.Node.Tag == "!!int" {
 			return multiplyIntegers(lhs, rhs)
 		}
@@ -119,14 +60,14 @@ func multiplyIntegers(lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, e
 	return target, nil
 }
 
-func mergeObjects(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode, preferences multiplyPreferences) (*CandidateNode, error) {
+func mergeObjects(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode, preferences multiplyPreferences) (*CandidateNode, error) {
 	shouldAppendArrays := preferences.AppendArrays
 	var results = list.New()
 
 	// shouldn't recurse arrays if appending
 	prefs := recursiveDescentPreferences{RecurseArray: !shouldAppendArrays,
 		TraversePreferences: traversePreferences{DontFollowAlias: true}}
-	err := recursiveDecent(d, results, nodeToMap(rhs), prefs)
+	err := recursiveDecent(d, results, context.SingleChildContext(rhs), prefs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -137,7 +78,7 @@ func mergeObjects(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode,
 	}
 
 	for el := results.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
-		err := applyAssignment(d, pathIndexToStartFrom, lhs, el.Value.(*CandidateNode), preferences)
+		err := applyAssignment(d, context, pathIndexToStartFrom, lhs, el.Value.(*CandidateNode), preferences)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -145,7 +86,7 @@ func mergeObjects(d *dataTreeNavigator, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode,
 	return lhs, nil
 }
 
-func applyAssignment(d *dataTreeNavigator, pathIndexToStartFrom int, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode, preferences multiplyPreferences) error {
+func applyAssignment(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, pathIndexToStartFrom int, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode, preferences multiplyPreferences) error {
 	shouldAppendArrays := preferences.AppendArrays
 	log.Debugf("merge - applyAssignment lhs %v, rhs: %v", NodeToString(lhs), NodeToString(rhs))
 
@@ -162,7 +103,7 @@ func applyAssignment(d *dataTreeNavigator, pathIndexToStartFrom int, lhs *Candid
 
 	assignmentOpNode := &ExpressionNode{Operation: assignmentOp, Lhs: createTraversalTree(lhsPath, preferences.TraversePrefs), Rhs: &ExpressionNode{Operation: rhsOp}}
 
-	_, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(lhs), assignmentOpNode)
+	_, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(lhs), assignmentOpNode)
 
 	return err
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_path.go

@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ func createPathNodeFor(pathElement interface{}) *yaml.Node {
 	}
 }
 
-func getPathOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getPathOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetPath")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.SequenceNode, Tag: "!!seq"}
 
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ func getPathOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionN
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_pipe.go

@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import "container/list"
+func pipeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
-func pipeOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+	//lhs may update the variable context, we should pass that into the RHS
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	// BUT we still return the original context back (see jq)
+	// https://stedolan.github.io/jq/manual/#Variable/SymbolicBindingOperator:...as$identifier|...
+
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	return d.GetMatchingNodes(lhs, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(lhs, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Context{}, err
+	}
+	return context.ChildContext(rhs.MatchingNodes), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_recursive_descent.go

@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@ type recursiveDescentPreferences struct {
 	RecurseArray        bool
 }
 
-func recursiveDescentOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func recursiveDescentOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	var results = list.New()
 
 	preferences := expressionNode.Operation.Preferences.(recursiveDescentPreferences)
-	err := recursiveDecent(d, results, matchMap, preferences)
+	err := recursiveDecent(d, results, context, preferences)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
-func recursiveDecent(d *dataTreeNavigator, results *list.List, matchMap *list.List, preferences recursiveDescentPreferences) error {
+func recursiveDecent(d *dataTreeNavigator, results *list.List, context Context, preferences recursiveDescentPreferences) error {
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
 		candidate.Node = unwrapDoc(candidate.Node)
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func recursiveDecent(d *dataTreeNavigator, results *list.List, matchMap *list.Li
 		if candidate.Node.Kind != yaml.AliasNode && len(candidate.Node.Content) > 0 &&
 			(preferences.RecurseArray || candidate.Node.Kind != yaml.SequenceNode) {
 
-			children, err := splat(d, nodeToMap(candidate), preferences.TraversePreferences)
+			children, err := splat(d, context.SingleChildContext(candidate), preferences.TraversePreferences)
 
 			if err != nil {
 				return err

pkg/yqlib/operator_select.go

@@ -4,28 +4,28 @@ import (
 	"container/list"
 )
 
-func selectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func selectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("-- selectOperation")
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
 		// grab the first value
-		first := rhs.Front()
+		first := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front()
 
 		if first != nil {
 			result := first.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 			includeResult, errDecoding := isTruthy(result)
 			if errDecoding != nil {
-				return nil, errDecoding
+				return Context{}, errDecoding
 			}
 
 			if includeResult {
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ func selectOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNo
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_self.go

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import "container/list"
+func selfOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-
+	return context, nil
-func selfOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
-	return matchMap, nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_sort_keys.go

@@ -1,33 +1,32 @@
 package yqlib
 
 import (
-	"container/list"
 	"sort"
 
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func sortKeysOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func sortKeysOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
-		for childEl := rhs.Front(); childEl != nil; childEl = childEl.Next() {
+		for childEl := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); childEl != nil; childEl = childEl.Next() {
 			node := unwrapDoc(childEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).Node)
 			if node.Kind == yaml.MappingNode {
 				sortKeys(node)
 			}
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 		}
 
 	}
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
 func sortKeys(node *yaml.Node) {

pkg/yqlib/operator_split_document.go

@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import (
+func splitDocumentOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-	"container/list"
-)
-
-func splitDocumentOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- splitDocumentOperator")
 
 	var index uint = 0
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		candidate.Document = index
 		index = index + 1
 	}
 
-	return matchMap, nil
+	return context, nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_strings.go

@@ -8,32 +8,32 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func joinStringOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func joinStringOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- joinStringOperator")
 	joinStr := ""
 
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchMap, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	if rhs.Front() != nil {
+	if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-		joinStr = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+		joinStr = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 	}
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := unwrapDoc(candidate.Node)
 		if node.Kind != yaml.SequenceNode {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot join with %v, can only join arrays of scalars", node.Tag)
+			return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Cannot join with %v, can only join arrays of scalars", node.Tag)
 		}
 		targetNode := join(node.Content, joinStr)
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, targetNode)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
 func join(content []*yaml.Node, joinStr string) *yaml.Node {
@@ -49,35 +49,35 @@ func join(content []*yaml.Node, joinStr string) *yaml.Node {
 	return &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: strings.Join(stringsToJoin, joinStr), Tag: "!!str"}
 }
 
-func splitStringOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func splitStringOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- splitStringOperator")
 	splitStr := ""
 
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchMap, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	if rhs.Front() != nil {
+	if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-		splitStr = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+		splitStr = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 	}
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := unwrapDoc(candidate.Node)
 		if node.Tag == "!!null" {
 			continue
 		}
 		if node.Tag != "!!str" {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot split %v, can only split strings", node.Tag)
+			return Context{}, fmt.Errorf("Cannot split %v, can only split strings", node.Tag)
 		}
 		targetNode := split(node.Value, splitStr)
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, targetNode)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
 func split(value string, spltStr string) *yaml.Node {

pkg/yqlib/operator_style.go

@@ -26,43 +26,43 @@ func parseStyle(customStyle string) (yaml.Style, error) {
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
-func assignStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("AssignStyleOperator: %v")
 	var style yaml.Style
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
-		if rhs.Front() != nil {
+		if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-			style, err = parseStyle(rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value)
+			style, err = parseStyle(rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debugf("Setting style of : %v", candidate.GetKey())
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 
-			if rhs.Front() != nil {
+			if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-				style, err = parseStyle(rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value)
+				style, err = parseStyle(rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
+					return Context{}, err
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -70,15 +70,15 @@ func assignStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, express
 		candidate.Node.Style = style
 	}
 
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func getStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetStyleOperator")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		var style string
 		switch candidate.Node.Style {
@@ -104,5 +104,5 @@ func getStyleOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expression
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_tag.go

@@ -6,58 +6,58 @@ import (
 	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-func assignTagOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func assignTagOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 
 	log.Debugf("AssignTagOperator: %v")
 	tag := ""
 
 	if !expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+		rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 
-		if rhs.Front() != nil {
+		if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-			tag = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+			tag = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 		}
 	}
 
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	for el := lhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		log.Debugf("Setting tag of : %v", candidate.GetKey())
 		if expressionNode.Operation.UpdateAssign {
-			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(nodeToMap(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
+			rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context.SingleChildContext(candidate), expressionNode.Rhs)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return Context{}, err
 			}
 
-			if rhs.Front() != nil {
+			if rhs.MatchingNodes.Front() != nil {
-				tag = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
+				tag = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Value
 			}
 		}
 		unwrapDoc(candidate.Node).Tag = tag
 	}
 
-	return matchingNodes, nil
+	return context, nil
 }
 
-func getTagOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func getTagOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("GetTagOperator")
 
 	var results = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Value: unwrapDoc(candidate.Node).Tag, Tag: "!!str"}
 		result := candidate.CreateChild(nil, node)
 		results.PushBack(result)
 	}
 
-	return results, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_traverse_path.go

@@ -15,23 +15,23 @@ type traversePreferences struct {
 	DontAutoCreate  bool // by default, we automatically create entries on the fly.
 }
 
-func splat(d *dataTreeNavigator, matches *list.List, prefs traversePreferences) (*list.List, error) {
+func splat(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, prefs traversePreferences) (Context, error) {
-	return traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(matches, make([]*yaml.Node, 0), prefs)
+	return traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(context, make([]*yaml.Node, 0), prefs)
 }
 
-func traversePathOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func traversePathOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	log.Debugf("-- Traversing")
-	var matchingNodeMap = list.New()
+	var matches = list.New()
 
-	for el := matchMap.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		newNodes, err := traverse(d, el.Value.(*CandidateNode), expressionNode.Operation)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
-		matchingNodeMap.PushBackList(newNodes)
+		matches.PushBackList(newNodes)
 	}
 
-	return matchingNodeMap, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(matches), nil
 }
 
 func traverse(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNode *CandidateNode, operation *Operation) (*list.List, error) {
@@ -74,30 +74,30 @@ func traverse(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNode *CandidateNode, operation *Oper
 	}
 }
 
-func traverseArrayOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func traverseArrayOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
 	// rhs is a collect expression that will yield indexes to retreive of the arrays
 
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
 
-	var indicesToTraverse = rhs.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Content
+	var indicesToTraverse = rhs.MatchingNodes.Front().Value.(*CandidateNode).Node.Content
-	return traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(matchingNodes, indicesToTraverse, traversePreferences{})
+	return traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(context, indicesToTraverse, traversePreferences{})
 }
 
-func traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(matchingNodes *list.List, indicesToTraverse []*yaml.Node, prefs traversePreferences) (*list.List, error) {
+func traverseNodesWithArrayIndices(context Context, indicesToTraverse []*yaml.Node, prefs traversePreferences) (Context, error) {
 	var matchingNodeMap = list.New()
-	for el := matchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		candidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 		newNodes, err := traverseArrayIndices(candidate, indicesToTraverse, prefs)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return Context{}, err
 		}
 		matchingNodeMap.PushBackList(newNodes)
 	}
 
-	return matchingNodeMap, nil
+	return context.ChildContext(matchingNodeMap), nil
 }
 
 func traverseArrayIndices(matchingNode *CandidateNode, indicesToTraverse []*yaml.Node, prefs traversePreferences) (*list.List, error) { // call this if doc / alias like the other traverse

pkg/yqlib/operator_union.go

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import "container/list"
+func unionOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
-func unionOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
-	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Lhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, expressionNode.Rhs)
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return Context{}, err
 	}
-	for el := rhs.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+	for el := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
 		node := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
-		lhs.PushBack(node)
+		lhs.MatchingNodes.PushBack(node)
 	}
 	return lhs, nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operator_value.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package yqlib
 
-import "container/list"
+func valueOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-
-func valueOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchMap *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
 	log.Debug("value = %v", expressionNode.Operation.CandidateNode.Node.Value)
-	return nodeToMap(expressionNode.Operation.CandidateNode), nil
+	return context.SingleChildContext(expressionNode.Operation.CandidateNode), nil
 }

pkg/yqlib/operators.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-type operatorHandler func(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error)
+type operatorHandler func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error)
 
 func unwrapDoc(node *yaml.Node) *yaml.Node {
 	if node.Kind == yaml.DocumentNode {
@@ -16,8 +16,67 @@ func unwrapDoc(node *yaml.Node) *yaml.Node {
 	return node
 }
 
-func emptyOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, matchingNodes *list.List, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (*list.List, error) {
+func emptyOperator(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode) (Context, error) {
-	return list.New(), nil
+	context.MatchingNodes = list.New()
+	return context, nil
+}
+
+type crossFunctionCalculation func(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, lhs *CandidateNode, rhs *CandidateNode) (*CandidateNode, error)
+
+func doCrossFunc(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode, calculation crossFunctionCalculation) (Context, error) {
+	var results = list.New()
+	lhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Lhs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Context{}, err
+	}
+	log.Debugf("crossFunction LHS len: %v", lhs.MatchingNodes.Len())
+
+	rhs, err := d.GetMatchingNodes(context, expressionNode.Rhs)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return Context{}, err
+	}
+
+	for el := lhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); el != nil; el = el.Next() {
+		lhsCandidate := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
+
+		for rightEl := rhs.MatchingNodes.Front(); rightEl != nil; rightEl = rightEl.Next() {
+			log.Debugf("Applying calc")
+			rhsCandidate := rightEl.Value.(*CandidateNode)
+			resultCandidate, err := calculation(d, context, lhsCandidate, rhsCandidate)
+			if err != nil {
+				return Context{}, err
+			}
+			results.PushBack(resultCandidate)
+		}
+
+	}
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
+}
+
+func crossFunction(d *dataTreeNavigator, context Context, expressionNode *ExpressionNode, calculation crossFunctionCalculation) (Context, error) {
+	var results = list.New()
+
+	var evaluateAllTogether = true
+	for matchEl := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); matchEl != nil; matchEl = matchEl.Next() {
+		evaluateAllTogether = evaluateAllTogether && matchEl.Value.(*CandidateNode).EvaluateTogether
+		if !evaluateAllTogether {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if evaluateAllTogether {
+		return doCrossFunc(d, context, expressionNode, calculation)
+	}
+
+	for matchEl := context.MatchingNodes.Front(); matchEl != nil; matchEl = matchEl.Next() {
+		innerResults, err := doCrossFunc(d, context.SingleChildContext(matchEl.Value.(*CandidateNode)), expressionNode, calculation)
+		if err != nil {
+			return Context{}, err
+		}
+		results.PushBackList(innerResults.MatchingNodes)
+	}
+
+	return context.ChildContext(results), nil
 }
 
 func createBooleanCandidate(owner *CandidateNode, value bool) *CandidateNode {
@@ -29,12 +88,6 @@ func createBooleanCandidate(owner *CandidateNode, value bool) *CandidateNode {
 	return owner.CreateChild(nil, node)
 }
 
-func nodeToMap(candidate *CandidateNode) *list.List {
-	elMap := list.New()
-	elMap.PushBack(candidate)
-	return elMap
-}
-
 func createTraversalTree(path []interface{}, traversePrefs traversePreferences) *ExpressionNode {
 	if len(path) == 0 {
 		return &ExpressionNode{Operation: &Operation{OperationType: selfReferenceOpType}}

pkg/yqlib/operators_test.go

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ type expressionScenario struct {
 }
 
 func testScenario(t *testing.T, s *expressionScenario) {
-	var results *list.List
 	var err error
 
 	node, err := NewExpressionParser().ParseExpression(s.expression)
@@ -66,13 +65,13 @@ func testScenario(t *testing.T, s *expressionScenario) {
 		os.Setenv("myenv", s.environmentVariable)
 	}
 
-	results, err = NewDataTreeNavigator().GetMatchingNodes(inputs, node)
+	context, err := NewDataTreeNavigator().GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: inputs}, node)
 
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Error(fmt.Errorf("%v: %v", err, s.expression))
 		return
 	}
-	test.AssertResultComplexWithContext(t, s.expected, resultsToString(results), fmt.Sprintf("exp: %v\ndoc: %v", s.expression, s.document))
+	test.AssertResultComplexWithContext(t, s.expected, resultsToString(context.MatchingNodes), fmt.Sprintf("exp: %v\ndoc: %v", s.expression, s.document))
 }
 
 func resultsToString(results *list.List) []string {
@@ -252,12 +251,12 @@ func documentOutput(t *testing.T, w *bufio.Writer, s expressionScenario, formatt
 
 	}
 
-	results, err := NewDataTreeNavigator().GetMatchingNodes(inputs, node)
+	context, err := NewDataTreeNavigator().GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: inputs}, node)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Error(err, s.expression)
 	}
 
-	err = printer.PrintResults(results)
+	err = printer.PrintResults(context.MatchingNodes)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Error(err, s.expression)
 	}

pkg/yqlib/printer.go

@@ -74,14 +74,14 @@ func (p *resultsPrinter) safelyFlush(writer *bufio.Writer) {
 
 func (p *resultsPrinter) PrintResults(matchingNodes *list.List) error {
 	log.Debug("PrintResults for %v matches", matchingNodes.Len())
-	var err error
 	if p.outputToJSON {
 		explodeOp := Operation{OperationType: explodeOpType}
 		explodeNode := ExpressionNode{Operation: &explodeOp}
-		matchingNodes, err = p.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(matchingNodes, &explodeNode)
+		context, err := p.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: matchingNodes}, &explodeNode)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		matchingNodes = context.MatchingNodes
 	}
 
 	bufferedWriter := bufio.NewWriter(p.writer)

pkg/yqlib/printer_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package yqlib
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"container/list"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -16,6 +17,12 @@ a: apple
 a: coconut
 `
 
+func nodeToList(candidate *CandidateNode) *list.List {
+	elMap := list.New()
+	elMap.PushBack(candidate)
+	return elMap
+}
+
 func TestPrinterMultipleDocsInSequence(t *testing.T) {
 	var output bytes.Buffer
 	var writer = bufio.NewWriter(&output)
@@ -27,13 +34,13 @@ func TestPrinterMultipleDocsInSequence(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	el := inputs.Front()
-	sample1 := nodeToMap(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
+	sample1 := nodeToList(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
 
 	el = el.Next()
-	sample2 := nodeToMap(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
+	sample2 := nodeToList(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
 
 	el = el.Next()
-	sample3 := nodeToMap(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
+	sample3 := nodeToList(el.Value.(*CandidateNode))
 
 	err = printer.PrintResults(sample1)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -68,19 +75,19 @@ func TestPrinterMultipleFilesInSequence(t *testing.T) {
 	elNode := el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 	elNode.Document = 0
 	elNode.FileIndex = 0
-	sample1 := nodeToMap(elNode)
+	sample1 := nodeToList(elNode)
 
 	el = el.Next()
 	elNode = el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 	elNode.Document = 0
 	elNode.FileIndex = 1
-	sample2 := nodeToMap(elNode)
+	sample2 := nodeToList(elNode)
 
 	el = el.Next()
 	elNode = el.Value.(*CandidateNode)
 	elNode.Document = 0
 	elNode.FileIndex = 2
-	sample3 := nodeToMap(elNode)
+	sample3 := nodeToList(elNode)
 
 	err = printer.PrintResults(sample1)
 	if err != nil {

pkg/yqlib/stream_evaluator.go

@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ func (s *streamEvaluator) EvaluateNew(expression string, printer Printer) error
 	inputList := list.New()
 	inputList.PushBack(candidateNode)
 
-	matches, errorParsing := s.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(inputList, node)
+	result, errorParsing := s.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: inputList}, node)
 	if errorParsing != nil {
 		return errorParsing
 	}
-	return printer.PrintResults(matches)
+	return printer.PrintResults(result.MatchingNodes)
 }
 
 func (s *streamEvaluator) EvaluateFiles(expression string, filenames []string, printer Printer) error {
@@ -97,11 +97,11 @@ func (s *streamEvaluator) Evaluate(filename string, reader io.Reader, node *Expr
 		inputList := list.New()
 		inputList.PushBack(candidateNode)
 
-		matches, errorParsing := s.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(inputList, node)
+		result, errorParsing := s.treeNavigator.GetMatchingNodes(Context{MatchingNodes: inputList}, node)
 		if errorParsing != nil {
 			return errorParsing
 		}
-		err := printer.PrintResults(matches)
+		err := printer.PrintResults(result.MatchingNodes)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}