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<h1>Path Expressions</h1>
<p>Path expressions are used to deeply navigate and match particular yaml nodes.</p>
<p><em>As a general rule, you should wrap paths in quotes in the CLI to prevent your interpreter from processing '*, []' and other special characters.</em></p>
<h2 id="simple-expressions">Simple expressions<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-expressions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="maps">Maps<a class="headerlink" href="#maps" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>a.b.c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b:
c: thing # MATCHES
</code></pre>
<h3 id="arrays">Arrays<a class="headerlink" href="#arrays" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>a.b[1].c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b:
- c: thing0
- c: thing1 # MATCHES
- c: thing2
</code></pre>
<h4 id="appending-to-arrays">Appending to arrays<a class="headerlink" href="#appending-to-arrays" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>(e.g. when using the write command)</p>
<p>a.b[+].c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b:
- c: thing0
</code></pre>
<p>Will add a new entry:</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b:
- c: thing0
- c: thing1 # NEW entry from [+] on B array.
</code></pre>
<h2 id="splat">Splat<a class="headerlink" href="#splat" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="maps_1">Maps<a class="headerlink" href="#maps_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>a.*.c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b1:
c: thing # MATCHES
b2:
c: thing # MATCHES
</code></pre>
<h3 id="arrays_1">Arrays<a class="headerlink" href="#arrays_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>a.b[*].c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b:
- c: thing0 # MATCHES
- c: thing1 # MATCHES
- c: thing2 # MATCHES
</code></pre>
<h2 id="deep-splat">Deep Splat<a class="headerlink" href="#deep-splat" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>'**' will match arbitrary nodes for both maps and arrays:</p>
<p>a.**.c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
b1:
c: thing1 # MATCHES
b2:
c: thing2 # MATCHES
b3:
d:
- f:
c: thing3 # MATCHES
- f:
g:
c: thing4 # MATCHES
</code></pre>
<h2 id="finding-parents-with-particular-children-nodes">Finding parents with particular children nodes<a class="headerlink" href="#finding-parents-with-particular-children-nodes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>a.(b.d==cat).b.c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
- b:
c: thing0
d: leopard
ba: fast
- b:
c: thing1 # MATCHES
d: cat
ba: meowy
- b:
c: thing2
d: caterpillar
ba: icky
- b:
c: thing3 # MATCHES
d: cat
ba: also meowy
</code></pre>
<h3 id="with-prefixes">With prefixes<a class="headerlink" href="#with-prefixes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>a.(b.d==cat*).c</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">a:
- b:
c: thing0
d: leopard
ba: fast
- b:
c: thing1 # MATCHES
d: cat
ba: meowy
- b:
c: thing2 # MATCHES
d: caterpillar
ba: icky
- b:
c: thing3 # MATCHES
d: cat
ba: also meowy
</code></pre>
<h2 id="special-characters">Special Characters<a class="headerlink" href="#special-characters" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="keys-with-dots">Keys with dots<a class="headerlink" href="#keys-with-dots" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>When specifying a key that has a dot use key lookup indicator.</p>
<pre><code class="yaml">b:
foo.bar: 7
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">yaml r sample.yaml 'b[foo.bar]'
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">yaml w sample.yaml 'b[foo.bar]' 9
</code></pre>
<p>Any valid yaml key can be specified as part of a key lookup.</p>
<p>Note that the path is in quotes to avoid the square brackets being interpreted by your shell.</p>
<h3 id="keys-and-values-with-leading-dashes">Keys (and values) with leading dashes<a class="headerlink" href="#keys-and-values-with-leading-dashes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>If a key or value has leading dashes, yq won't know that you are passing a value as opposed to a flag (and you will get a 'bad flag syntax' error).</p>
<p>To fix that, you will need to tell it to stop processing flags by adding '--' after the last flag like so:</p>
<pre><code class="bash">yq n -t -- --key --value
</code></pre>
<p>Will result in</p>
<pre><code>--key: --value
</code></pre>
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