Create 235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree.md

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# [235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree](https://leetcode.com/problems/lowest-common-ancestor-of-a-binary-search-tree/description/)
# 思路
求一棵搜索树(BST)中两个节点的最低公共祖先( lowest common ancestor, LCA).
求二叉树中节点的最低公共祖先比较麻烦(要用到非递归的后序遍历算法),但是这里是搜索树,由于搜索树中的节点是排好序的,所以这题就简单了。
若有前提p < q, 那么一共有三种情况:
* 若p > root, 说明LCA应该在root的右子树内;
* 若q < root, 说明LCA应该在root的左子树内;
* 否则,即 p < root < q, 那么root就是LCA(递归出口)
由此可见很容易写出一个递归算法。不过也可以很容易用while循环实现见下面的代码。
# C++
``` C++
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
TreeNode *tmp;
if(p -> val > q -> val){ // 保证 p -> val <= q -> val
tmp = q;
q = p;
p = tmp;
}
tmp = root;
while(tmp){
if(p -> val > tmp -> val) tmp = tmp -> right;
else if(q -> val < tmp -> val) tmp = tmp -> left;
else return tmp;
}
}
};
```