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# [289. Game of Life](https://leetcode.com/problems/game-of-life/)
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# 思路
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给定一个二维数组每个元素代表一个细胞,元素的值代表细胞当前的死活,1为活细胞,0为死细胞,要求下一时刻所有细胞的死活状态。
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细胞的下一个时刻的死活由如下条件决定:
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1. 如果活细胞周围八个位置的活细胞数少于两个,则该位置活细胞下一时刻死亡;
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2. 如果活细胞周围八个位置有两个或三个活细胞,则该位置活细胞下一时刻仍然存活;
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3. 如果活细胞周围八个位置有超过三个活细胞,则该位置活细胞下一时刻死亡;
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4. 如果死细胞周围正好有三个活细胞,则该位置死细胞下一时刻复活;
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由于题目中要求in-place,所以就不能新建一个相同大小的数组,那么只能更新原有数组,但是我们不能直接更新到下一时刻的状态,
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所以我们可以考虑更新到一个中间态,这个中间态可以随意定义,只要能区分开来就可以了,例子如下:
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||当前状态|下一状态|中间状态|
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| :-: | :-: | :-: | :-: |
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|情形一| 0 | 0 | 0 |
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|情形二| 0 | 1 | -1 |
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|情形三| 1 | 0 | 2 |
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|情形四| 1 | 1 | 1 |
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最后需要再遍历一遍把中间态改为最终态。
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时间复杂度O(n),线性复杂度O(1)
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# C++
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``` C++
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class Solution {
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const int dx[8] = {-1, 0, 1, -1, 1, -1, 0, 1};
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const int dy[8] = {-1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1};
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int m, n;
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private:
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int live_nbs(vector<vector<int>>& board, int i, int j){
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int count = 0, nx, ny;
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for(int k = 0; k < 8; k++){
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nx = i + dx[k];
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ny = j + dy[k];
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if(nx >= 0 && nx < m && ny >= 0 && ny < n && board[nx][ny] > 0)
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count++;
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}
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return count;
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}
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public:
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void gameOfLife(vector<vector<int>>& board) {
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// 00 0, 01 -1, 10 2, 11 1
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m = board.size();
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n = board[0].size();
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for(int i = 0; i < m; i++)
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for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
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int count = live_nbs(board, i, j);
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if(board[i][j]){
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if(count < 2 || count > 3) board[i][j] = 2;
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}
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else if(count == 3) board[i][j] = -1;
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}
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for(int i = 0; i < m; i++)
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for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
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if(board[i][j] == 2) board[i][j] = 0;
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else if(board[i][j] == -1) board[i][j] = 1;
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}
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}
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};
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```
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